The construction and civil engineering industry in our country is progressing day by day. The most crucial aspect of civil engineering projects is the use of suitable and practical materials and resources. One such material is geocell, which is extensively used in various civil engineering and construction projects. But what is geocell and what are its applications? In the following article from Farnam Baspar, we’ll address these questions as well as discuss the features, advantages, and types of geocell.
What is Geocell?
The primary function of geosynthetics is to create lateral confinement. The lateral movements of the soil within the geosynthetic networks are restricted by their cellular walls. It’s important to note that geosynthetics alone do not prevent soil erosion, as a significant portion of the soil surface is exposed to rain and runoff.
Geosynthetics are products within the field of geosynthetics that have a network-like structure. They find numerous applications in the construction and civil engineering industry. The network structure of geosynthetics enables the lateral distribution of vertical forces applied to the soil surface, preventing soil settlement and erosion.
However, geosynthetics can be used to stabilize the soil within a range of 100 to 330 millimeters. They are also employed to prevent soil slippage on slopes and to mitigate soil erosion caused by rain and runoff, for which geogrids should be utilized.
Geosynthetics are hive-like products made by connecting polymer strips through welding, adhesive, or stitching. The material of geosynthetics can also be high-density polyethylene (HDPE). This type of geosynthetics has high impermeability to fluids and, unlike polyester geosynthetics, can also facilitate water transfer.
Geocell Characteristics
Once we understand what geosynthetics are and gather information about their material, we can discuss their characteristics:
Preservation of soil between geosynthetics without changing its shape: Any polymer material tends to creep and deform over time. Therefore, you need to choose geosynthetics that maintain the integrity of their structure and do not undergo shape changes. Choosing the type of geosynthetics based on the project: The geometry of geosynthetics is consistent, and the polymer material used defines its performance. Depending on your project, you can choose between soft and rigid geosynthetics. Soft geosynthetics are made from high-density polyethylene with good flexibility and are suitable for small, lightweight, and short-term projects. Rigid geosynthetics, made from nanopolymer alloys (NPA), are very strong and resistant to creep. They are designed for long-term use in roads, railways, ports, and airports. Dynamic mechanical modulus (elastic stiffness): You should select geosynthetics that can store and release dynamic loads without changing their geometry. Tensile strength: Suitable geosynthetics should have the ability to withstand vertical loads and convert them into tensile forces.
Applications of geocell
Geocells have numerous applications in civil and urban projects, including:
Compaction of materials and prevention of mass movements by allowing free drainage. Protection of structures as protective covers and safeguarding hydraulic structures and various industrial equipment. Protection and stabilization of steep slopes in mountainous areas, soil stabilization, enhanced road durability, and improvement of their lifespan. Use in retaining walls for protecting slopes with concrete. Ability to withstand static and dynamic loads in weak soils for the construction of strong roads and ground stabilization with sandy soils. Utilization in multi-layer gravity structures to prevent soil erosion by water and runoff. Use as stabilizers for construction projects and residential needs, such as stabilizing pathways and preventing parking lot flooding. Advantages of Geosynthetics: Geosynthetics offer numerous advantages for civil engineering projects, including:
Variety in size, depth, cross-section, and color based on project requirements. Protection against non-permeable layers. Structural durability without shape changes. Easy transportation and installation. High resistance to various stresses such as tension and tearing. Environmental compatibility. Cost-effectiveness. High durability and lightweight. Increased lifespan and stabilization of structures. Assistance in the formation of soil backfills in weak soils.
Types of geocells
Geocells are available in two types: perforated and non-perforated, each with the following applications:
Perforated geocells
This type of geocell has uniform perforations in its walls, which improve stress distribution and reduce deformation. Perforated geocells are created by the interconnection of a large number of polymer strips, and their overall strength depends on the stripes and the welding technique used. It is important to ensure that the strength of the strip welding in this type is equal to or greater than the tensile strength of the strip itself.
Non-perforated geocells
This type of geocell also has thick and smooth walls and is made from a three-dimensional mesh polymer sheet with stapling or ultrasonic welding.
Equipment required for geocell installation
Before undertaking any project, you need to acquire the necessary equipment. The following equipment is required for geocell installation:
- Staples
- J-shaped pins
- Geocomposite drainage
- Geotextile (if needed)
- Ropes and drilling tools
- Roller
- Tools such as hammers, meters, shovels, etc.
Final words
Proper execution of road substructures and prevention of soil erosion are crucial in civil engineering projects. The use of geocells is a common practice among road builders and urban planners due to their importance. Therefore, it is necessary to use high-quality products in this field to prevent the waste of billions of dollars in such projects.
Farnam Baspar Company is recognized as one of the suppliers of various geocells in Iran. Depending on your specific requirements, you can purchase quality geocells from them at cost-effective prices compared to similar products. However, geocell production is not the only service provided by Farnam Baspar Company, as they are also pioneers in the production of various geosynthetic and plastic products.